Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

A. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, or DMD, is a typical sex-linked disorder that only effects boys. Its very rare that you will find a girl that has this certain disease. A boy inherits DMD from an X chromosome form his mother. There are more then 20 different types of muscular dystrophy in the world and DMD is the most common of them all.

B. The history of this disease has been around since the 1800s. The disease was named after a French neurologist, Duchenne de Boulogne. He would follow every patient, hospital to hospital, that had the unknown disease so that he could learn more about it. Duchenne was also the first to biopsy on a living patient.

C. The symptoms of DMD are unusual ways of walking and running and the boy has a hard time of talking around the age of 3. The calves of the boy would be very large and firm for their age group. Some more symptoms are: gait problems, difficulty of standing, frequent falls, and wasted muscles.

D. What is the cause of DMD? The cause for DMD is the mutation of a gene that produces dystrophin, which is a protein found in the sarcolemma of normal muscles.

E. Doctors use 2 different tests to diagnosis a patient. These 2 tests, CPK and DNA, can tell how many carriers there are, if the patient has DMD or BMD, and if there is any muscular damage to the body.

F. So far, there are no cures for DMD but there are a couple of ways to slow down the progress of the muscular disorder such as physical therapy and taking steroids.

G. There are no known ways to prevent a boy from getting DMD.

H. There are 2 new researches that are going on. The first study are to examine young boys under the age of 3 and it is a 2 year study and the boys would be going through a 2 year study where doctors would see what the outcome of motor and mental development. The second study are to examine boys between the age of 7 and 22 who have DMD and are not walking any more.

The Jett Foundation
http://jettfoundation.org/events/text-dmd-to-90999-for-duchenne-research

Video
http://www.watchknow.org/Video.aspx?VideoID=27353

Work Cited Sources
http://www.ygyh.org/dmd/whatisit.htm
http://www.mdausa.org/disease/dmd.html
http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=11686
http://dictionary.webmd.com/terms/dystrophin
http://www.dircsa.org.au/tag/dmd/
http://quest.mda.org/news/dmd-progression-studied-very-young-and-nonwalkers

http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/d/duchennemd/symptoms.htm

Quiz:

1. What is the name of the French neurologist who studied DMD?

2. Name the 2 ways to slow down DMD?

3. How does a boy get DMD?

4. Can girls get this certain muscular disease?

5. There are 2 tests that a doctor goes through to find diagnose their patient. What do the 2 tests tell them?

Blog Post 6

1. My favorite geology topic this year was Earth's History because I liked to know what was here before I ever walked the Earth.

2. My favorite Meteorology topic was air pressure because I learned that air pressure is coming our direction in all directions, meaning that if we didnt have it, we would probably be flying or so.

3. My favorite Astronomy topic was Beyond Our Solar System. I loved this topic because it talked about black holes and worm hole and I just love talking about topics like those.

4. I think I earned an A on the final exam because I felt very confident about every answer I put on my paper. This morning, I studied for a while, going over my crossword puzzles and textbook.

Blog Post #5

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Blog Post 4

1. The place had a lot of things in it so it kept expanding and finally explored and everything started shooting every where which made it a bang.

2. I think that when you get inside one, it would look like you are still in space but the pressure from the black hole would crush you from your sides, killing you in matter of seconds.

3. I think worm holes do exist. When you arrive into one, probably one second after being inside, you would probably be sent into the past or future. this could let you change anything in the past but could cause other problems.

Blog Post #3

1. Radical Velocity, Astrometry, Transit Method, Opitical Detection.
2. Transit Method because it is more easier to me than the other methods.
3. The concept is to find planets in the Goldilocks Zone that are neither hot nor cold.
4. It would probably be all water with the land at the bottom of the oceans.
5. I believe in aliens because that I know that there has to be other living civilizations other than us, the people on earth. One thing that I do believe, is that there is a such thing as Area 51 and that the government is just trying to keep it undercover so people won't be all panicing about anything.

Blog Post #2

1. Hydrogen is the primary gas in Jovian Planets.
2. Carbon Dioxide is the primary gas in Venus and Mars.
3. If I could visit any planet in the universe, I would choose Mercury because I would get a good view of the Sun. This would be cool because I would be with no gravity and I wood be watching the Sun demolish asteriods and other things. The only thing about Mercury, is that it would be burning hot and would probably kill me the second that I get out the space shuttle.

Blog Post #1

Apollo Missions- I think the Apollo missions are interesting because it shows how determinated we were about getting to the moon and going out of space.

International Space Station- I think that this station is a step to peace with all of the other countries in the world. This project will unite everyone and we will make history by doing this. This space station is suppose to measure and research all the planets while still in space.

Aliens- I think there might be a chance of aliens because some people say that the government might be hiding information from us and I believe it. Like some people talk about Area 51 and that place might be a real location.

Universe Fate- People say that the sun will one day grow so big that it will be in the orbit of Mars, Earth, Venus, and Mercury, which means, no more life on Earth because the sun will burn everything that is living and walking.

Dwarf Planets- So far, scientist have named five dwarf planets and Pluto is one of them. Pluto is not a planet any more because they have found another object in the Kuiper Belt that is bigger than it and they still haven't found water on it.